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Describe in detail white box testing techniques.

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1) Short note on: White box testing

2) Describe different techniques in white box technique.


Marks: 10M

Year: May 2015, Dec 2015

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White Box Testing:

White box testing is a testing technique that examines the program structure and derives test data from the program logic/code. The other names of glass box testing are clear box testing, open box testing, logic driven testing or path driven testing or structural testing.

White Box Testing (WBT) is also known as Code-Based Testing or Structural Testing. White box testing is the software testing method in which internal structure is being known to tester who is going to test the software.

White Box Testing Techniques:

  • Statement Coverage:

    In this white box testing technique try to cover 100% statement coverage of the code, it means while testing the every possible statement in the code is executed at least once. Tools: To test the Statement Coverage the Cantata++ can be used as white box testing tool.

  • Decision Coverage:

    In this white box testing technique try to cover 100% decision coverage of the code, it means while testing the every

    possible decision conditions like if-else, for loop and other conditional loops in the code is executed at least once.

    Tools: To cover the Decision Coverage testing in the code the TCAT-PATH is used. This supports for the C, C++ and Java applications.

  • Condition Coverage:

    In this white box testing technique try to cover 100% Condition coverage of the code, it means while testing the every possible conditions in the code is executed at least once.

  • Decision/Condition Coverage:

    In this mixed type of white box testing technique try to cover 100% Decision/Condition coverage of the code, it means while testing the every possible Decisions/Conditions in the code is executed at least once.

  • Multiple Condition Coverage:

    In this type of testing we use to cover each entry point of the system to be execute once.

Using above mentions testing white box testing techniques the 80% to 90% code coverage is completed which might be sufficient with white box testing.

Advantages of White Box Testing:

  • Forces test developer to reason carefully about implementation.
  • Reveals errors in "hidden" code.
  • Spots the Dead Code or other issues with respect to best programming practices.

Disadvantages of White Box Testing:

  • Expensive as one has to spend both time and money to perform white box testing.

  • Every possibility that few lines of code are missed accidentally.

  • In-depth knowledge about the programming language is necessary to perform white box testing.

What do you verify in White Box Testing?

  1. In the White box testing following steps are executed to test the software code:
  2. Basically verify the security holes in the code.
  3. Verify the broken or incomplete paths in the code.
  4. Verify the flow of structure mention in the specification document
  5. Verify the Expected outputs
  6. Verify the all conditional loops in the code to check the complete functionality of the application.
  7. Verify the line by line or Section by Section in the code & cover the 100% testing.

Above steps can be executed at the each steps of the STLC i.e. Unit Testing, Integration & System testing. In the White Box Testing verify the flow of the application. The pre designed test cases are executed with the help of input data & compare the output with the expected one & found mismatch if any means you found a bug.

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