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Explain the biological action and process of sludge digestion
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  • Anaerobic digestion is biological which is carried out without the presence of oxygen.
  • It can be the thermophilic digestion in which the sludge is fermented in tanks at about 55°C temperature.
  • The another method is mesophilic which is carried at a temperature of 36°C.
  • Between these two methods the thermophilic method has a shorter retention time. So it needs smaller tanks still this method is more expensive as it needs huge energy supply.
  • The mesophilic anaerobic digestion is also a common method used to treat the sludge developed at the treatment plant . This sludge is fed into large tanks and is held atleast for 12 days to complete the digestion process.
  • It has four stages as stated below:-

    1) Hydrolysis

    2) Acidogenesis

    3) Acetogenesis

    4) Methanogenesis

    • In the process the complete proteins and sugars are broken down to form simple compounds. eg water, carbon dioxide , methan, etc.

    • The biogas is generated with high proportion of methane. The method of energy developed through the biogas is used to generate heat and power.

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