Q) The following data was recorded in orthogonal operation machining with carbide tipped roof.

Cutting speed = 120 m/min

Tool rake angle = 10°

Feed = 0.2mm/rev

Depth of cut = 2mm

Chip thickness = 0.45mm

Cutting force = 185kgs

Feed force = 75kg

Calculate:

Shear angle ($\phi$)

1] Chip …