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List different types of anaerobic and anaerobic treatment. Explain any one in detail. Also discuss Role of anaerobic treatment in Industrial waste treatment.
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The different types of aerobic and anaerobic treatment are as follows:

  • Activate sludge process

  • Trickling filter

  • Rotating Biological Contactor (RBC)

  • Anaerobic digester

  • Sludge drying bed

  • Oxidation ditch

  • Oxidation pond

  • Aerated lagoons

Aerated lagoons:

  • An aerated lagoon is an earthen basin about 2.5-4m deep in which sludge sewage is filled and aerated by means of diffused air or mechanical aeration. Commonly mechanical aerators can be used.

  • They are firmly fixed on permanent foundation. Sewage is sent in these lagoons after passing the grit chamber into giving any primary treatment.

  • The detention period of 3-5 days is provided.

  • It is ideally suited for middle size towns. The waste water of industries such as paper standard and food industries can also be easily treated by aerated lagoon.

  • Due to increased depth they require shorter detention time i.e. 1/8-1/10 of these required for stabilization pond.

  • The oxygen capacity varies from 1.5-2.5 kg of O2/lit/hr at 20 degree Celsius.

  • The values vary depending on the characteristics of the sewage.

Anaerobic treatment:

  • It produces biogas. This energy source is used by industries for heat and power generation or stream production.

  • It produces less waste sludge (biomass) than aerobic systems, less to dispose off.

  • Used as an alternative to or in conjunction with aerobic treatment systems-depending on the fate of the treated effluent.

  • Used to remove COD/BOD prior to discharge to a municipal sewer.

  • Used with aerobic plant-first stage anaerobic followed by aerobic treatment to discharge standard.

  • Anaerobic digestion is increasingly applied because high rate rector designs overcame some problems.

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