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With a suitable example explain category 1 and category 2 of sensor network.
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Wireless sensor network (WSN)

  • A wireless sensor network (WSN) is one form of system or setup in which multiple sensor nodes are interconnected with each other through a wireless communication medium.
  • Each sensor node is a tiny energy-bounded, multifunctional device that collects data from its nearby environment then performs some sort of computation on collected data.
  • Then send all this gathered data towards the main base station or sink.

Category 1 WSNs (C1WSNs)

  • These are invariably mesh-based systems with multihop radio connectivity among or between WSNs.
  • It utilizes dynamic routing in both the wireless and wireline portions of the network.
  • C1WSNs are networks in which end devices like sensors are permitted to be more than one radio hop away from a routing or forwarding node.
  • The forwarding node is a wireless router that supports dynamic routing.
  • Wireless routers are often connected over wireless links.

Features of C1WSNs:

  • Sensor nodes can support communications on behalf of other sensor nodes by acting as repeaters.
  • The forwarding node supports dynamic routing and more than one physical link to the rest of the network is physically and logically present.
  • The radio links are measured in thousands of meters.
  • The forwarding node can support data processing or reduction on behalf of the sensor nodes.
  • These all features made it a relatively Complex and meshy wireless system.
  • An example of this type of network is Military theater systems.

Category 2 WSNs (C2WSNs)

  • These are point-to-point or multipoint-to-point star-based systems generally with single-hop radio connectivity to WSNs.
  • It utilizes static routing over the wireless sensor network.
  • Typically, there will be only one route from the WSNs to the companion terrestrial/wireline forwarding node.
  • C2WSNs are networks in which end devices like sensors are one radio hop away from a terrestrially homed forwarding node.
  • The forwarding node calls it a wireless router that is connected to the terrestrial network via either a landline or a point-to-point wireless link.

Features of C2WSNs:

  • Sensor nodes do not support communications on behalf of any other sensor nodes.
  • The forwarding node supports only static routing to the terrestrial network, and only one physical link to the terrestrial network is present.
  • The radio link is measured in hundreds of meters.
  • The forwarding node does not support data processing or reduction on behalf of the sensor nodes.
  • These all features made it a relatively simple wireless system.
  • An example of this type of network is Residential control systems.
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