1.a. What are "Desired ", "Modifying" and "Interfering" inputs for an instrumental system?Draw block diagram for showing their influence on the output.

1.b Define the following terms with reference to the state space modelling of the system.

1.State space

2.State variables

1.c Explain the following terms with reference to static characteristics of the measuring instruments.

1.State space

2.State variables

2.a What is mathematical modelling? Explain the importance of mathematical modelling in control systems.

2.b With a neat sketch explain the working of strain gauge based accelerometer.

2.c Obtain the state-space equation and output equation for the system defined by the equation,

$\frac{Y(s)}{U(s)}=\frac{2 s^{3}+s^{2}+s+2}{s^{3}+4 s^{2}+5 s+2}$

3.a With a neat sketch explain the constructional feature and working of

1.Thermistors.

2.Ultrasonic Flow Meter

3.b For a system having $\mathrm{G}(\mathrm{s})=\frac{15}{(\mathrm{s}+1)(\mathrm{s}+3)}, \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{s})=1$ Determine

(i) Characteristic equation

(ii) ω_n and damping ratio (ξ)

(iii) Time at which I^st overshoot will occur

(iv) Time period of oscillations

(v) No. of cycles output will perform before settling down

4.a What are different temperature compensation techniques used in the measurement of strain using strain gauges? Explain any two methods in details .

4.b For a system having $\mathrm{G}(\mathrm{s}) \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{s}) \frac{\mathrm{K}(1+\mathrm{s})^{2}}{\mathrm{s}^{3}}$ ,find range of values of "K" for system to be stable, using Routh's array.

5.a For a certain feedback system having, $\mathrm{G}(\mathrm{s}) \mathrm{H}(\mathrm{s})=\frac{3(\mathrm{s}+1)(\mathrm{s}+6)}{\mathrm{s}^{2}\left(\mathrm{s}^{2}+18 \mathrm{s}+400\right)}$,Sketch Bode plot and comment on G.M.,P.M and stability.

5.b With a neat sketch explain the constructional feature and working of

1.McLeod gauge

2.Pyrometers

6.a For a umty feedback system havmg $G(s)=\frac{100(s+1)}{s^{2}(s+2)(s+10)}$,determine (i) Type of system (ii) Error coefficients (iii) Steady state error for input as $1+4t + \frac{t^2}{2}$

6.b With neat sketches discuss significance of following aspects of signal conditionings for any one of the sensor : amplification , conversation filtering, modulation/demodulation, and grounding.