1.a. Discuss the fundamental operations in relational algebra with example.

1.b. Explain different types attributes of an entity with example

1.c. draw and list different components of database structure.

2.a. List E-R diagram symbols & draw an E-R diagram fr a hospital management system with a set of patients and a set of medical doctors. Associate with each patient a log of the various tests and examination conducted.

2.b. Consider the following database

Student(RollNo, Name , Address)

Subject ( Sub_code, Sub_name)

Marks (Roll_no, Sub_code , Marks)

Write following queries in SQL.

i) Find average marks of each student, along with the name of student

2.c. Differentiate between horizontal and vertical fragmentation

3.a. Explain various types of outer join operations with example.

3.b. What is lossless decomposition? Suppose that we decompose the schema R=(A,B,C,D,E) into (A,B,E). show that this decomposition is a lossless decomposition if the following set F of functional dependencies holds : A ⟶ BC CD ⟶ E B ⟶ D E ⟶ A

4.a. Explain embedded and dynamic SQL

4.b. Discuss various MYSQL data types

5.a. Explain the CRUD operations in MongoDB with suitable example.

5.b. What if fragmentation of relation? What are the main types of fragmentation? Why a fragmentation is useful concept in distributed database design?

5.c. List down all the possible crash recovery methods. Explain shadow paging with proper example.

6.a. Explain Architecture of Parallel & distributed databases.

6.b. Explain different database architectures

6.c. What is deadlock? Explain how deadlock detection and prevention is done.

7.a. Explain the following terms in XML with examples

i) Documents

ii)Elements

iii) Nested/sub elements

iv) Attributes

v) Namespace

vi) DTD

vii)Schema

7.b. What are the different data types in JSON? Discuss about JSON object and ARRAY in details

7.c. What is HDFS? Explain HBase data model and HBase region.

8.a. What is XML Schema? Give XML Schema for the following banking system : account (account_number, branch_name, balance). Customer (customer_number, customer_street, customer_city), Depositor(customer_number, account_number)

8.b. What is concurrency control? Explain time stamp based concurrency control

8.c. Compare with suitable example:

i) RDBMS and XML

ii) JSON and XML

9.a. What is data warehouse? Explain Schema in data warehouse.

9.b. What is OLTP & OLAP? Explain different OLAP operations.

10.a. Write short notes on any two

i) SQLite database

ii) Machine learning for big data

iii) Machine learning for BI.

10.b. What is KDD process?Explain KDD process in detail