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Ring counter and Working of Ring counter

Ring counter: considering 4 ā€“ bit Ring counter.

A typical application of shift register called as Ring counter.

  • The o/p of FF-3 is connected to data i/p Do of FFO.

Working of Ring counter:

Initially a negative going pulse is applied to all flip flops, in effect as the figure it is applied as pre-set i/p to FFO and clear i/p to reset of the flip flops.

$\therefore$ Initial o/p of flip flops can be seen as

enter image description here

Now on every clock edge the o/p of $Q_o$ gets shifted to flip flop 1. o/p of flip flop 1 gets shifted to flip flops 2 and so on.

  • At o/i of Ring counter we get a special pattern as shown below.

enter image description here

  • 4 bit ring counter counts 4 clock pulses hence also called as 4:1 counter.

  • It divides incoming frequency by 4.

In general N ā€“ bit ring counter can be considered as N : 1 counter, it can count ā€˜Nā€™ pulses and

OR $frequency = \frac{fin}{N}$

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