Mumbai University > Electronics Engineering > Sem 5 > Electromagnetic Engineering

Marks: 5 Marks

Year: Dec 2014

a) Critical frequency:

It is that highest frequency radio wave, which sent normally towards layer of ionosphere gets reflected back & returns to the earth.

$f α \sqrt{N} \\ f= g \sqrt{N} \\ f= g(N_{\max} )^{\frac{1}{2}}$

where, N → free electron density

b) Maximum usable frequency (MUF):

It is that …