There are three types of chips produced during machining process:

i) Continuous chip:

It consist of elements bonded firmly together without being fractured. The upper side has small notches while the lower side is smooth and shiny.

Factors Favorable to its formation:

a) fine feed

b) high cutting speed

c) large rake angle

d) sharp cutting edge

e) smooth tool face

ii) Discontinuous chip:

It consist of elements fractured into small pieces ahead of cutting tool

Factors Favorable to its formation:

a) Brittle material

b) low cutting speed

c) small rake angle

d) blunt cutting edge

e) high feed

iii) Continuous chip with built up edge:

It is similar to continuous chip except that the built up edge is formed on the cutting edge of tool. Built up edge refers to the welding of the work piece material on the tool due to high temperature and stresses.

Factors Favorable to its formation:

a) high feed

b)low cutting speed

c) lower rake angle

d) large depth of cut

e) lack of lubricating fluid