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Explain with sketch and parts of Gravity Dam
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  • Gravity dams are massive structure dam which is constructed of concrete or stone masonry. These dams are hold by the gravity to the ground.

  • A gravity dam depends on its own weight for stability and is usually straight in plan although sometimes slightly curved.

  • A gravity dam can hold a large amount of water. As they rely on their own weight, it is necessary to construct them on a solid foundation of bedrocks

Parts of Gravity Dam

  • Heel: It keeps contact with the ground on the upstream side

  • Toe: It keeps contact on the downstream side

  • Abutment:It is the Sides of the valley on which the structure of the dam rest

  • Galleries: Small rooms like structure left within the dam for
    checking operations.

  • Diversion tunnel: Tunnels are constructed for diverting water before the construction of dam. This helps in keeping the river bed dry.

  • Spillways: It is the arrangement near the top to release the excess water of the reservoir to downstream side

  • Sluice way: An opening in the dam near the ground level, which is used to clear the silt accumulation in the reservoir side.

See figure 4.1

enter image description here

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