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Functions of Authentication
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Authentication functions:

Message Authentication :

  • A mechanism of source used to notify the integrity of message

  • Assures the data received are exactly as sent (i.e. contain no modification, insertion ,deletion or replay)

  • Assures that identity of the sender is valid

  • When a hash function is used to provide message authentication, the hash function value is often referred to as a message digest.

Authentication function is of two levels of functionality :

  • Lower Value produces an authenticator value used to authenticate a message.

  • Higher Value : indicates a receiver to verify the authenticity of message.

Grouped into three classes

  • Message Encryption : The ciphertext of the entire message serves as authenticator

  • Message Authentication Code (MAC) : The function of the message, a secret key that produces a fixed-length value that serves as that authenticator.

  • Hash Function: A function that maps a message of any length into fixed-length hash value which serves as the authenticator

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