a) Azimuth angle:

• Azimuth is the horizontal angular distance from a reference direction, either the southern or northern most point of the horizon.
• Azimuth angle is defined as the horizontal pointing angle of the earth station antenna. For navigation purposes, azimuth angle is usually measured in clockwise direction in degrees from true north.
• However for satellite earth stations in the northern hemisphere and satellite vehicles in geosynchronous orbits, azimuth angle is generally referenced to true south.

b) Elevation angle:

• Elevation angle is the vertical angle formed between the direction of travel of electromagnetic wave radiated from an earth station antenna pointing directly towards a satellite and horizontal plane.
• The smaller the elevation angle , the greater the distance a propagated wave must pass through earth’s atmosphere.
• If the angle of elevation is too small, and the wave travels through earth’s atmosphere is too long, the wave degrades the transmission quality.