The management spectrum describes the management of a software project or how to make a project successful. It focuses on the four P’s; people, product, process and project. Here, the manager of the project has to control all these P’s to have a smooth flow in the project progress and to reach the goal.

The four P’s of management spectrum has been described briefly in below.

The People:

People of a project includes from manager to developer, from customer to end user. But mainly people of a project highlight the developers. It is so important to have highly skilled and motivated developers that the Software Engineering Institute has developed a People Management Capability Maturity Model (PM-CMM), “to enhance the readiness of software organizations to undertake increasingly complex applications by helping to attract, grow, motivate, deploy, and retain the talent needed to improve their software development capability”. Organizations that achieve high levels of maturity in the people management area have a higher likelihood of implementing effective software engineering practices.

The Product:

Product is any software that has to be developed. To develop successfully, product objectives and scope should be established, alternative solutions should be considered, and technical and management constraints should be identified. Without this information, it is impossible to define reasonable and accurate estimates of the cost, an effective assessment of risk, a realistic breakdown of project tasks or a manageable project schedule that provides a meaningful indication of progress.

The Process:

A software process provides the framework from which a comprehensive plan for software development can be established. A number of different tasks sets— tasks, milestones, work products, and quality assurance points—enable the framework activities to be adapted to the characteristics of the software project and the requirements of the project team. Finally, umbrella activities overlay the process model. Umbrella activities are independent of any one framework activity and occur throughout the process.

The Project:

Here, the manager has to do some job. The project includes all and everything of the total development process and to avoid project failure the manager has to take some steps, has to be concerned about some common warnings etc.