1. Different types of sensors :

-> Distance-> Ultrasonic, IR, IR-sharp, LOVT

Velocity -> w.r.t time, GPS

Acceleration -> Accelerometer

Angle -> Shaft Encoder-optical, Electrical

Angular velocity -> w.r.t time

Rotation/Revolution -> Tachometer

Force -> strain gauge, load cell

Pressure -> pressure pads.

Liquid-Level -> Bi-point, Multi-point, capacitive, resistive.

Temprature -> Thermistor, thermo-couple

Light Intensity -> LDR

Optical -> PIB, detector pairs

Voltage -> Pot, Pot divider

Current -> Current transformer