Dynamic memory allocation:

1. Dynamic Memory Allocation refers to managing system memory at runtime.

2. Dynamic memory management in C programming language is performed via a group four functions namely malloc(),calloc().

3. These four dynamic memory allocation function of the C programming language are defined in the C standard library header file<stdlib.h>. Dynamic memory allocation uses the heap space of the system memory.

malloc()

1. malloc() is used to allocate a block of memory on the heap.

2. Specifically,malloc() allocates the user a specified number of bytes but does not initialize.

3. Once allocated, the program accesses this block of memory via a pointer that malloc() returns.

4. The default pointer returned by malloc() is of the type void but can be cast into a pointer of any datatype.

5. However, if the space is insufficient for the amount of memory requested by malloc().

6. Then the allocation fails and a NULL pointer is returned.

7. The function takes a single argument, which is the size of the memory chunk to be allocated.

program to find maimum and minimum element from the array

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

#define MAX_SIZE 100  

void main()

{

    int arr[MAX_SIZE];

    int i, max, min, size;

    clrscr();

    printf("Enter size of the array: ");

    scanf("%d", &size);


    printf("Enter elements in the array: ");

    for(i=0; i<size; i++)

    {

        scanf("%d", &arr[i]);

    }

    max = arr[0];

    min = arr[0];

    for(i=1; i<size; i++)

    {

        if(arr[i] > max)

        {

            max = arr[i];

        }

        if(arr[i] < min)

        {

            min = arr[i];

        }

    }

    printf("Maximum element = %d\n", max);

    printf("Minimum element = %d", min);

    getch();

}

Output:

Enter size of the array: 10

Enter elements in the array:

6

4

3

8

9

12

65

87

54

24

Maximum element=87

Minimum element=3