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Write short notes on any four of the following

i) Beta distribution curve
ii) ISO 1400
iii) OSHA
iv) Requirements for preparation of a site layout
v) Sources of funds for starting a project.

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iii) OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)

It is the main agency charged with the enforcement of safety and health legislation. To assume safe and healthful working condition for working men and women by authorizing enforcement of the standards developed under the act's by assisting and encouraging the states.

Importance of OSHA in the workspace

a) Workshop standards:

OSHA sets safety and health standards for many work environments and ensure that employers comply with those standards. Some standards are written for specific industries as illustrated by hazardous waste workers personal protective equipment.

b) Universal OSHA standards:

Some OSHA standards apply to all industries, employees and OSHA personel must have access to medical and toxic substance exposure records. Employers most provide workers with equipment that protects against industry specific workplace hazards and must show employees how to use it.

c) Record keeping:

The occupational safety and health Act of 1970 apply record keeping standards to most employees with more than 10 employees during the former calender year these employees must record an employee illness injuries.

d) Training programs:

The OSHA directorate of training and education facilitates safety and health training courses for compliance officers, federal agency staff and state consultants. In addition OSHA's outreach training program offers qualify workers and opportunity to become workplace OSHA trainers.


v) Sources of fund:

Source of finance basically based on the capital required to the company. Depending on the date of maternity, sources of finance can be clubbed into the following.

Long-term sources of finance: Long term financing can be raised from the following sources:

  • Share capital or equity share
  • preference shares
  • retained earnings
  • asset securitization

Medium term sources of finance:

  • Debentures / bonds
  • Financial institutions
  • State financial corporations
  • Euro issues

Short term sources of finance:

Short term financing can be raised from the following sources:

  • Trade credit
  • Commercial banks
  • Advances received from customers
  • Various short term provisions
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