1.a. What is the difference between intensive and extensive property? Give examples.

1.b. What is Quasi static process? Explain its importance in engineering.

1.c. On some temperature scale 0 $^{\circ}$C is equivalent to 100 $^{\circ}$B and 100 $^{\circ}$C is equivalent to 300 $^{\circ}$B. Determine the temperature in $^{\circ}$C corresponding to 200 $^{\circ}$B. Convert the temperature obtained in $^{\circ}$C to Fahrenheit and Kelvin scale.

2.a. Define work and heat in thermodynamics. Explain why neither is a property.

2.b. Derive an equation for work in Isobaric and Isochoric processes.

2.c. A piston compresses a gas in a cylinder during quasi equilibrium process. The pressure in the cylinder varies according to the relationship $PV^{1.4.} = constant$. Initial pressure in the cylinder is $101,325 N/m^2$ and the initial volume of the cylinder is $0.01 m^3$. Compare the work in compressing the gas to a final volume of $0.005 m^3$.

3.a. Write the first law of thermodynamics equation for a closed system undergoing a non cyclic process and show that internal energy is property.

3.b. Write the steady flow energy equation for a single entry stream and single exit stream. Indicate the SI unit for each term.

3.c. A heat engine receives half of its heat temperature of 1000 K and the rest of 500 K while rejecting heat to a sink at 300 K. What is the maximum possible efficiency of this heat engine?

4.a. What is a Thermal Reservoir, give example?

4.b. Show that the efficiency of a reversible heat engine is higher than a irreversible heat engine when both are working between same temperature limits.

4.c. A heat engine receives half of its heat at a temperature of 1000 K and the rest at 500 K while rejecting heat to a sink at 300 K. What is the maximum possible efficiency of this heat engine?

5.a. What is a reversed heat engine?

5.b. Mention the factors which render a process irreversible.

5.c. The efficiency of the Carnot engine rejecting heat to a sink at 7$^{\circ}$C is 32 %. If the heat rejected to the sink is 16.66 kJ/s. What is the power developed by the engine? Also determine the source temperature.

6.a. Derive the two Tds expressions for change in entropy of an Ideal gas.

6.b. Water is heated from 25$^{\circ}$C to 90$^{\circ}$C as it flows at a rate of 0.5 kg/s through a tube that is immersed in a hot bath at 100$^{\circ}$C. Calculate heat transfer, entropy change for water, oil bath and universe.

7.a. What is available energy, unavailable energy?

7.b. Show that the Joule Thomson coefficient for a gas can be expressed as $\mu_{h}=\frac{1}{C_{p}}\left[T\left(\frac{\partial V}{\partial T}\right)_{p}-v\right]$.

7.c. Obtain an expression for availability of a non-flow process.

8.a. With the help of P-T diagram define

1.Triple point

2.Critical point

8.b. Use steam table to determine the unknown properties in the following :

1.$P= 1 bar v = 2.41 m^3/kg T $ = ____________

2.$P=1 MPa, T=150 ^{\circ}C, v$ = ____________

3.$T=100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, \mathrm{h}_{g}=2676 \mathrm{kJ} / \mathrm{kg} \mathrm{P}_{\mathrm{s}}=$ ____________

4.$P=10$ bar, $T=250^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, h=$ ____________

8.c. Steam is throttled from a pressure of 15 bar to 1.5 bar. If the steam is dry saturated at the end of expansion, what is the dryness fraction at the beginning. Also calculate the change in entropy during throttling.

9.a. Derive the expressions for specific heat at constant pressure and constant volume for mixture of gases.

9.b. A mixture of gases comprises 30% CO, 15% ${CO}_{2}$ and 55 % ${H}_{2}$. Find the gravimetric analysis specific gas constant and molecular weight of the mixture

10.a. Explain the following

1.Reduced properties

2.Law of corresponding state

3.Gibbs-Daltons law

4.Compressibility factor

10.b. 10 kg of carbon dioxide is enclosed in a container at a temperature of 100 $^{\circ}$C and pressure of 1 bar. Compute the volume of the container by

1.Ideal gas equation

2.Vander waals equation

3.Compressibility chart