PART - A

1.a. What is a penalty factor in economic scheduling?

1.b. Define the incremental fuel and production costs.

1.c. Draw the hydro electric plant model.

1.d. What are the important methods of hydro-thermal coordination?

1.e. Draw the block diagram representation of steam turbine.

1.f. What is the need of excitation, system?

1.g. What is the need of integral control in single area LFC System?

1.h. What is meant by area control error in two area system?

1.i. What are the specifications of load compensator?

1.j. What is the need of reactive power control in power system?

2.a. Explain the need of economical load dispatch for a given power system.

2.b. A system consisting of two plants connected by a tic line and load is located at plant-2.When 100 $\mathrm{MW}$ is transmitted from plant-1, a loss of 10 $\mathrm{MW}$ takes place on the tine.Determine the generation schedule at both the pants and the power received by load when k of the system is 25Rs/MWh and IFC are given by :

$\frac{d c_{1}}{d p_{1}}=0.03 \mathrm{P}_{1}+17 \mathrm{Rs} / \mathrm{MWh}, \frac{d c_{2}}{d p_{2}}=0.06 \mathrm{P}_{2}+19 \mathrm{Rs} / \mathrm{MWh}$

3. Derive the transmission loss formula for a system consisting of n-generating plants supplying several loads inter connected through a transmission networks. State any assumptions are made.

4. Obtain the condition for economic generation of steam and hydro plants for short term scheduling.State the any assumptions are considered.

5. Describe the hydro thermal economic load scheduling. Derive the necessary equations?

6. Explain the functioning of speed governing system and obtain its necessary mathematical modeling with neat diagram.

7.a. Describe the fundamental characteristics of an excitation system

7.b. Draw and explain the block diagram representation of IEEE Type- 1 model.

8. For a single area system, show that the static error in frequency can be reduced to zero for single area load frequency control with integral control.

9.a. What are the basic requirements, needed for control strategy in LFC system

9.b. Obtain the mathematical modeling of tie-line power in an inter connected system and its block diagram.

10.a. Compare the different types of compensating equipment for transmission system?

10.b. Explain the uncompensated and compensated transmission lines.

11.a. What are the merits and demerits of shunt and series compensation?

11.b. Describe the reactive power compensation in transmission systems.