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Find the non-singular matrices P and Q such that PAQ is in Normal Form. Also find rank of A. A= [431624221214516]
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Since, A is of dimension 3×4, we can write,

I3AI4=A

[100010001]A[1000010000100001]=[431624221214516]

R22, then R1 interchange R2 gives

[0120100001]A[1000010000100001]=[121143161214516]

R312 R1,R24R1

[0120120061]A[1000010000100001]=[1211053201074]

R32R2

[0120120021]A[1000010000100001]=[121105320010]

C22C1, C3C1, C4C1

[0120120021]A[1211010000100001]=[100005320010]

C25

[0120120021]A[125110150000100001]=[100001320010]

C3+3C2, C3, C42C2

[0120120021]A[1251595015352500100001]=[100001000010] (A)

This PAQ is in normal form, where

P=[0120120021] and Q=[1251595015352500100001]

and from the right side of (A), the rank of A is 3.

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