Question: Problem from Applied Mechanics
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Thapar University - Sem 2 - Mechanics

A particle of mass m is at rest A when it is slightly displaced and allowed to slide down the cylindrical surface of radius r (Fig.4). Neglecting friction, find the value of $\theta$ when the particle leaves the surface.

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 modified 3.0 years ago by Sayali Bagwe • 2.1k written 3.0 years ago by
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## Two positions of the particle are shown. For convenience, the datum, which is horizontally fixed, passes through position 1.

When the particle is in position 1

$\hspace{0.5cm}$ Potential energy of particle $V_1=0$,

And

$\hspace{0.5cm}$ Kinetic energy of particle $T_1=0.$

When the particle is in position 2

$\hspace{0.5cm}$ potential energy of particle $V_2=-mg(r-r \cos \theta)$

and

$\hspace{0.5cm}$ Kinetic energy of particle $T_2=\bigg(\dfrac12\bigg)mv^2,$

When $v$ is the velocity of particle at angle $\theta$ Applying the principle of conversion of energy, $$T_1+V_1=T_2+V_2$$

$0+0=\dfrac12mv^2-mg(r-r \cos \theta)$

$\hspace{0.5cm} V^2=2gr (1-\cos \theta)$

$\boxed{v=\sqrt{2gr(1-\cos\theta)}}$

## Fig shows the FBD of the particle. Resolving forces along the normal to the surface

$\sum F_n=0\rightarrow R+\dfrac{mv^2}{r}-mg \cos\theta=0 \\ R=mg \cos \theta -\dfrac{mv^2}{r}$

Particle leaves the surfaces if R=0, therefore

$0=mg \cos \theta- \dfrac{mv^2}{r} \\ v^2=gr \cos \theta$

From Equations (i) & (ii) , we have

$\hspace{11cm}2gr(1- \cos \theta)=gr \cos \theta$

OR $\hspace{10.5cm}2g-2g \cos \theta=g \cos \theta$

OR $\hspace{12cm}$ $\theta=\cos^{-1}\dfrac23$

$\hspace{13cm}$ $\boxed{\theta=48.18^0}$

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 modified 3.0 years ago by Sayali Bagwe • 2.1k written 3.0 years ago by
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